Wildflowers, Grasses and Other Nonwoody Plants
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Species Types
Scientific Name
Spartina pectinata
Description
Prairie cordgrass is a native perennial sod-forming grass with flowering stalks up to 7 feet tall. A grassland species, it grows in dense stands in low, damp soils. It’s often called ripgut because of the tiny sharp saw teeth on the leaf edges.
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Scientific Name
Sporobolus heterolepis
Description
Prairie dropseed is a native perennial bunch grass that forms dense clumps of fine, light green, arching leaves. The seed heads are airy, open, branching clusters bearing small, ovate florets on their own individual branchlets.
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Scientific Name
Cypripedium reginae
Description
Showy lady’s slipper is a beautiful and rare wildflower. This orchid can be more than 3 feet tall, with showy flowers with a pink-suffused, inflated lower lip. In Missouri, it's restricted to the southern portion of the Ozarks.
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Scientific Name
Galearis spectabilis (formerly Orchis spectabilis)
Description
Showy orchis is a perennial wildflower of rich, moist, shady woods, slopes, ravines, and stream valleys, often found with other spring wildflowers. It’s about 6 inches tall when it produces its beautiful pink and white flowers.
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Scientific Name
Cypripedium candidum
Description
Of Missouri’s three species lady’s slipper orchids, small white lady’s slipper is the only one with white “slippers,” which are shiny and look almost like glazed porcelain. Today, it’s known from only one location in the Ozarks.
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Scientific Name
Hexalectris spicata (syn. Bletia spicata)
Description
Crested coral root is an orchid that lacks chlorophyll, so none of it is green. It obtains nutrients from fungi and decaying organic matter. Compared to our other coral roots, it is taller and has larger flowers. It grows in Ozark habitats.
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Scientific Name
Corallorhiza wisteriana
Description
Spring coral root blooms in April and May. Except for a few small sheathing bracts along the stem, it has no leaves. The purplish or brownish flowers are in a raceme at the tip of the stem. Each flower’s lower lip is white with purple markings.
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Scientific Name
Spiranthes vernalis
Description
Spring ladies’ tresses is Missouri’s tallest species of spiranthes orchid. It’s one of four species that have their flower clusters in a single, easy-to-discern spiral, but another key feature is that it blooms as early as June and July.
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Scientific Name
Calopogon tuberosus
Description
The tuberous grass pink is one of two species of grass pinks in Missouri. It lives in Ozark fens and is rare in the state. Like other orchids in genus Calopogon, its flowers seem upside down.
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Scientific Name
Cladophora, Pithophora, and Spirogyra spp., and others
Description
Filamentous green algae forms green, cottony masses that are free-floating or attached to rocks, debris, or other plants.
See Also
About Wildflowers, Grasses and Other Nonwoody Plants in Missouri
A very simple way of thinking about the green world is to divide the vascular plants into two groups: woody and nonwoody (or herbaceous). But this is an artificial division; many plant families include some species that are woody and some that are not. The diversity of nonwoody vascular plants is staggering! Think of all the ferns, grasses, sedges, lilies, peas, sunflowers, nightshades, milkweeds, mustards, mints, and mallows — weeds and wildflowers — and many more!