Green flowers

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Photo of chara, an alga with stemlike and leaflike structures

Chara (Muskgrass; Stonewort)

Chara spp.

Photo of Chinese yam showing leaves and bulbils

Chinese Yam

Dioscorea oppositifolia (sometimes called D. batatas)

Invasive

Photo of climbing false buckwheat vines, leaves, and flowers.

Climbing False Buckwheat (Crested Buckwheat)

Fallopia scandens (formerly Polygonum scandens)

Photo of coontail aquatic plant with penny for scale

Coontail (Hornwort)

Ceratophyllum demersum

Rope dodder stems

Dodders

Cuscuta spp.

Photo of various duckweeds and watermeal on water surface

Duckweeds (Watermeal)

Lemna spp.; Spirodella spp.; Wolffia spp.

Picture of a patch of filamentous green algae floating in a stream.

Filamentous Green Algae (Pond Scum)

Cladophora, Pithophora, and Spirogyra spp., and others

Photo of a giant ragweed plant.

Giant Ragweed

Ambrosia trifida

Photo of several big bluestem seed heads against a blue sky.

Grasses

All true grasses (species in the grass family).

Photo of Japanese knotweed

Japanese Knotweed

Fallopia japonica

Invasive

Photo of Johnson grass flower clusters

Johnson Grass

Sorghum halepense

Invasive

Photo of whorled milkweed flowers.

Milkweeds

Subfamily Asclepiadoideae

Photo of southern naiad aquatic plant with a penny for scale

Naiads (Water Nymphs; Waterweeds)

Najas spp.

Photo of pale Indian plantain flower clusters.

Pale Indian Plantain

Arnoglossum atriplicifolium (also Cacalia atriplicifolia)

Photo of pokeweed plant with dangling stalks of ripe and unripe berries.

Pokeweed

Phytolacca americana

Poisonous

Photo of American pondweed leaves floating on water surface

Pondweeds

Potamogeton spp.

Photo of several reed canary grass plants with flowering heads

Reed Canary Grass

Phalaris arundinacea

Invasive

Photo of path rush, closeup showing drying fruits.

Rushes

Juncus spp. and Luzula spp.

Photo of eastern woodland sedge plant growing among leaf litter.

Sedges

Carex, Schoenoplectus, Scirpus, and other genera

Photo of a spatterdock flower held against a leaf

Spatterdock (Yellow Pond Lily)

Nuphar advena (formerly N. lutea)

Edible

Photo of tall fescue plants

Tall Fescue

Festuca arundinacea

Invasive

Photo of white avens flower and upper stem leaves.

White Avens (Red Root)

Geum canadense

Photo of white snakeroot leaves and flowers

White Snakeroot

Ageratina altissima (formerly Eupatorium rugosum)

Poisonous

Photo of wood nettle leaves at top of plant.

Wood Nettle (Stinging Nettle)

Laportea canadensis

Edible